Natural Daoxiang Lake Wetland Park is located in Haidian District of Beijing in Su Jia Tuo village.
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wetland function
There are many functions of wetlands, it can be used as direct use of water or groundwater recharge, and can effectively control floods and prevent soil desertification, but also stranded sediments, toxins, nutrients, thereby improving the environmental pollution; it with organic matter in the form of stored carbon to reduce the greenhouse effect, protection against storms and coastal erosion, provide clean and convenient mode of transport ... ... it is because there are so many useful features which were known as "kidney of the globe." Wetlands in numerous plants, animals, especially the growth of waterfowl park, while Youxiang provide mankind with food (fish, livestock products, cereals), energy (hydropower, peat, firewood), raw materials (reed, timber, medicinal plants ) and the tourism sites of human existence and an important foundation for sustainable development.
material production capabilities
Wetlands with a strong material production function, which is rich in flora and fauna. Qilihai marsh wetlands are an important forage base in Tianjin, coastal areas and primary source of productivity. According to preliminary investigations, Qilihai in the 20th century, 70 years ago, aquatic, wetland plant communities in more than 100 kinds of Health, which has the ecological value of about 40. Mammals, about 10 species, 30 kinds of Waterfront classes. Reed, as the most typical Qilihai wetland plants, reed land area of 7186 hectares, with a high economic value and ecological value, not only an important raw material for paper industry, but also in agriculture, salt, fisheries, aquaculture industry, weaving industry, an important means of production, but also play a wind flood, improving the environment, improve the soil, purify water, prevent pollution, regulate the role of ecological balance. In addition, Qilihai can make use of the water up to 10,000 acres, an annual output of 2,000 tons of crab, is the origin of the famous Qilihai crab.
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Regulatory function of atmospheric composition
Wetland-rich plant communities, can absorb a lot of carbon dioxide and release oxygen, wetlands, some plants also have to absorb the functions of harmful gases in the air, can effectively regulate the atmospheric constituents. But it also must be noted that wetland habitats will also be emissions of methane, ammonia and other greenhouse gases.
Marshes have great biological production efficiency, the formation of plant organic matter, and continue to absorb CO2 and other gases, especially those harmful gases. Swamp, oxygen is rarely consumed in the decomposition of dead plant residues. Marsh can absorb dust in the air and carrying a variety of bacteria and thus play a role in purifying the air. In addition, the marsh deposits has great adsorption capacity, sewage or industrial waste water containing heavy metals, through the marshes can be adsorbed metal ions, and harmful ingredients.
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water regulation function of
Wetlands in water, regulate river runoff, recharge groundwater and maintain the regional water balance play an important role of water in a natural "sponge" in the space-time can be the uneven distribution of precipitation, the throughput through the regulation of wetlands, avoid water drought disaster. Tianjin Binhai Qilihai wetland is an important flood plain, security, flood storage depth of 3.5-4m.
Wetlands have a humid climate, clean environment, the function is an important component of the ecosystem. Most of its development in the negative terrain type, long-term water, growth of dense vegetation, under which roots intertwined, and debris accumulation. Latent generally swamp grass-roots level there are dozens of centimeters. Porous grass-roots level, with a strong water-holding capacity, it can maintain itself is greater than the dry weight of 3 ~ 15
Times the amount of water. Not only can save a lot of water, but also through plant transpiration and water evaporation, the water continuously returned to the atmosphere, thus increasing the air humidity, regulate rainfall, the natural cycle of water plays a good role. According to experimental studies, one hectare of marsh during the growing season of 7415 tons of water can be evaporated, we can see the great features of its climate regulation.
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Purification
Wetlands as a natural filter, it helps to slow down the speed of water flow, when the containing poisons and impurities (pesticides, domestic sewage and industrial effluents) of water through the wetlands, the flow is conducive to slow down the poisons and impurities precipitate and remove . Some wetland plants can effectively absorb the water of toxic substances in water purification.
Wetlands can break down, cleaning up the environment objects, act as a "detoxification", "detoxification" function, so it is the people known as the "kidney of the globe." If there is no wetlands, like a person is, deprive the kidney.
Such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and some other organic substances, through complex physical and chemical changes have been stored up organisms, or through the transfer of biotechnology (such as the harvesting of plants, fishing, etc.) way out of permanent wetlands, greater participation range of cycle.
Wetlands have quite a considerable portion of the aquatic plants, including water, floating and sinking of water plants, has a strong ability to remove poison, is poison killer. It is measured in a wetland plant tissue concentrations of heavy metals within the enriched concentration than the surrounding water has risen by 10 million times more. Because of this, people often use of wetlands in this ecological functions of plants to purify pollutants in the disease
Toxic, effective removal of sewage in the "poison" to achieve the purpose of water purification.
For example, water-called lotus, cattail, and reeds, etc. are widely used for treatment of sewage, is used to absorb high concentrations of heavy metals in sewage
Cadmium, copper, zinc and so on. In the United States, Florida, was made the following experiment in the waste water discharged into the river before it flows through the
A cypress swamp (a wetland) which has been determined that approximately 98% of the nitrogen and 97% of the phosphorus was purified excluded, and
Wetlands amazing ability to remove pollutants is obvious. Carl David Coulthard city in India, the city has a sewage treatment plant, all the domestic sewage are discharged into the eastern outskirts of the constructed wetlands, its relatively low cost of sewage treatment has become a model worldwide.
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to provide animal habitat features
Complex and diverse wetland plant communities, wild animals, particularly some rare or endangered wild animals provides a good habitat, birds, amphibians breeding, habitat, migration, wintering place.
Wetlands Although the special natural environment conducive to the growth of some plants, is not the ideal home mammal populations, but for special birds to be here to enjoy. Marsh plants have arisen because of the environment, for a variety of birds provide a rich source of food and nesting, the good conditions to avoid the enemy.
In the perennial wetland habitat and infested birds swans, white storks, pelicans, geese, egrets, eagles, Tern, Silver Gull,
Tern, reed warbler, swept about 200 species of birds and so on. And that the wetlands are in Siberia and northeast southward migration of birds wintering stopover points.
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